JBL EMT Practice Exam

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Cardiac output (CO) is affected by:

  1. blood pressure

  2. heart rate only

  3. stroke volume and heart rate

  4. stroke volume only

The correct answer is: blood pressure

Cardiac output (CO) is the volume of blood ejected by the heart per minute and is influenced by both heart rate (the number of heartbeats per minute) and stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one contraction). Blood pressure, while important for overall cardiovascular health, is not a direct determinant of cardiac output. In this case, the correct answer is "blood pressure" because it is not a direct factor affecting cardiac output, unlike heart rate and stroke volume which directly impact CO.

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